*sdL{ ljifosf] kf&\oqmd -Mason_
-sIff 5 pQL)f{ ePsf k|lzIffyL{x?sf] nflu_
g]kfn ;/sf/
>d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno
Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb| -ljefu :t/Lo sfof{no_
;}+a', e}+;]kf^L, nlntk'/
kmf]g g+= 5590254, 5590800
km\ofS; g+= 5590894
O{d]n M [email protected]
cf=j=072.73
ljifo ;"rL qm=;+= ljifo kfgf g+= !=
kf7\oqmd tyf gD;{ lgdf{0f pk;ldlt !
@=
df}lns p2]Zo / nIo @
#=
kf7\of+z ljj/0f #
$=
p2]Zox? $
%=
kf7\of+zsf] qmda4tf / ;dofjlw -;}4flGts / k|of]ufTds_ %
^=
k|f]h]S6 s]Gb|Lo kf7\of+z &
&=
/f]huf/d"ns ;Lk df]8]n *
*=
k|f]h]S6 (
(=
d"Nof°g of]hgf !)
!)=
k|lzIf0f / l;sfO{sf nflu dfu{bz{gx? !!
!!=
;+lIfKt ljj/0f !@
!@=
8sdL{ ljifosf] nflu /f]huf/d"ns ;Lk rf6{
!#
!#=
sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? !$
!$=
d]lzg, cf}hf/ tyf ;/;fdfgsf] dfkb08 -gD;{_ #%
!%= ;xof]uL k':ts #&
kf7\oqmd tyf gD;{ lgdf{0f pk–;ldlt qm=;+= gfd bhf{ sfof{no != ;+of]hs >L t]h/fh zdf{ lgb]{zs Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf;
tfnLd s]Gb|
@= ;b:o >L dfwj clwsf/L ljifo lj1 afnfh' :s"n ckm OlGh= P08 6]Sgf]nf]hL
#= ;b:o >L o"j/fh lnDa' k|lzIfs 6«]lgË ;]G6/ g]kfn, l;tfkfOnf
$= ;b:o ;lrj >L /df pkfWofo k|lzIfs -zf=c=:t/_ Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tfnLd s]Gb|
%= ;xfos >L OGb|f s'df/L :jfF/ gf=;'= Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tfnLd s]Gb|
^= ;xfos >L ;'ag bjf8L s=ck/]6/ Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tfnLd s]Gb|
df}lns p2]Zo
of] Ifdtfd"ns Pj+ jhf/ cfl>t kf7oqmd Joj;fo;+u ;DjlGwt 1fg, ;Lk tyf wf/0ffn] cw{ bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg ug]{ p2]Zon] tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# df b]zsf] ljsf;df o'jf hgzlQmnfO{ kl/rfng ug{ /fHon] ljz]if gLlt cjnDjg ug]{ pNn]v eP cg'?k /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o ahf/ cg's'nsf] 1fg / ;Lk k|bfg u/L /f]huf/Lsf cj:yf k|j{4g u/L d'n'ssf] j]/f]huf/L ;d:of Go'lgs/0f ug'{sf] ;fy} b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;df 6]jf k'/\ofO{ hgtfsf] lhjg :t/ psf:g] p2]Zon] Joj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|x? pRr k|ltj4tfsf ;fy lqmoflzn /x“b} cfPsf] 5g \ . Joj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|sf] ;f]xL cjwf/0ff cg'?k k|fylds tx cWoog u/L cWoog 5f8]sf o'jfx?nfO{ ;Ifd d]zgsf] ?kdf tof/ ug{sf] nflu of] #() 306fsf] tfnLd kf7\oqmd tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
nIo
o; kf7\oqmdsf] d'Vo nIo k|lzIffyL{x?df cw{bIf :t/sf] /f]huf/ b]z Pj+ ljb]zdf lgdf{0f pBf]ux?df kfpgsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;Lk tyf 1fg k|bfg ug'{ xf] . pko'Qm /f]huf/n] k|lzIffyL{x?sf] lhjg z}nL psf:g'sf] ;fy} o; ljifodf b]z leq ;+nUg u}/ g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf] k|lt:yfkg tyf ljb]zdf g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf] /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ j[l4 ug]{ nIonfO{ ;d]t 6]jf k'¥ofp“5 . o; kf7\oqmd cg';f/ tflnd k|fKt ul/;s]kl5 k|lzIffyL{x?n] M d]zg -8sdL{sf] sfd_ sf] cjwf/0ffsf] ljsf; ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
d]zg;+u ;DjlGwt cfwf/ sfo{x? ;DkGg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
d]zg sf ljleGg tTjx?÷c·x?sf] klxrfg / tof/ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
ljleGg ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0fsf] nflusf] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
ljleGg 3/ tyf kvf{nx?sf] nflu uf/f] nufpg]] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5g .
Joj;fo;+u ;DjlGwt ;fwf/0f ul0flto 1fg k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
k|f/lDes pkrf/;+u kl/lrt x'g]5g\ .
k]zfut :jf:Yo;+u kl/lrt x'g'sf ;fy} ;'/lIft sfo{ k|ljlw -technique_ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
kf&\Øf+z ljj/)f
!= Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|sf] d];g -8sdL{_ kf7\Øf+z cw{bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg ug{sf] nflu lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] . of] kf7\Øf+z Jofjxfl/s ;Lk / 1fgdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 .
@= o; kf7\Øf+zdf s"n #() kf7\Ø306f ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 -nueu # dlxgf_ . *) k|ltzt
kf7\Øef/ k|of]ufTds ljifodf #!@ 306f / @) k|ltzt kf7\Øef/ ;}4flGts ljifodf &* 306f k5{ . h;df cf}ift b}lgs $ 306f k|of]ufTds sfo{ / ! 306f ;}4flGts ljifo kg{ cfpF5 .
#= o; kf7\of+zn] z'? b]lv cGTo ;Dd k|f]h]S6sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Jofjxfl/s ;Lk /
;}4flGts 1fg Pj+ :t/Lo sfo{sf] cfwf/df ul/Psf] 5 . $= kf7\Øf+zsf] d'Vo s]Gb|ljGb' k|of]ufTds ;Lk ljsf;nfO{ agfOPsf] 5 . ;Lksf] ljsf;
kf7\Øf+zsf] k|To]s PsfO{ cg';f/ ul/Psf] 5 / cEof; sfo{, ;d:ofd"ns PsfO tflnd cjlwd} ;+o'Qm ?kdf u/fpg] Joj:yf 5 .
%= o; kf7\Øf+zsf] nflu egf{ of]Uotf k|fylds sIff ptL0f{ ePsf] x'g'k5{ .
p@]Zox?
o; kf&\oqmddf ;dfj]z ePsf] p@]Zox? k|lzIffyL{sf] sfo{d"ns sfdsf] cfwf/df
ul/Psf %g\ . k|lzIf)f k"/f ePkl% / k|f]h]S^ ;dfKt ePkl% k|lzIffyL{n] s] ug{
;Ifd x'g'k%{ jf s] yfxf kfpg ;Sg' k%{ eGg] s'/f p@]Zox?n] atfp¤%g\ .
p@]Zox?n] g} k|lzIffyL{nfO{ ;}$flGts / k|of]ufTds ljifo tof/ ug{ dfu{ bz{g
lbG%g\ . sfo{, p@]Zox?n] k|lzIf)f / d"Nof+sgnfO{ ;+o'Qm ?kn] Jofj;flos lzIffsf]
lzIf)f l;sfO k|lqmofdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofp¤% .
p@]Zox? d"Nof+sgsf] l;$fGtsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/L o;n] k|lzIffyL{nfO{ k|lzIfsn]
cfjZos kg]{ !fg / ;Lk sltsf] /fd|/L k|bfg ul/of] eGg] yfxf kfpg pko'Qm
cj;/ ldNb% . p@]Zox? g} kf&\oqmdsf] d' '̂ xf] .
p\@]Zox?
d"Nof+sg k|lzIf)f
kf&\of+zsf] qmdj$tf / ;dofjlw -;}$flGts / k|of]ufTds_
qm=;+= ljifo ;}¢flGts k|of]ufTds ;do -#)^f_
1= d];g 1 1
2= ;'/Iffsf] lgod 2 2
3= gfksf] af/]df hfgsf/L 3 3
4= cf}hf/ tyf pks/)f 2 2
5= d];g sfo{df k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|Lx? 2 2
6= d;nfsf] hfgsf/L 2 2
7= l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L / kfgLsf] af/]df
hfgsf/L
3 3
8= O{+§fsf] kl/ro / k|sf/ 3 3
9= a)* -Bond_ sf] af/]df hfgsf/L 3 3
10= cfwf/e"t ul)ft 8 10 18
11= rng rNtLdf k|of]u x'g] OsfO{ 6 6
12= gS;fsf] hfgsf/L 8 8
13= :s]n 6 6
14= ejgsf] ljleGg efusf] hfgsf/L 10 10
15= k|fylds pkrf/ 3 3
16= ('éfnfO{ ljleGg cfsf/df sf \̂g] 4 4
17= ('éfsf] ;'Svf uf/f] nufpg] 4 4
18= d;nf tof/ ug]{ ljlw -1M6 cg'kft_ 12 12
19= ('éfsf] uf/]fdf 1M6 d;nf k|of]u u/L
uf/f] nufpg]
12 12
20= O{§fsf] ^'qmf -Brick bat_ tof/ ug]{ 4 4
21= Straight wall (1 b) in English Bond 1 19 20
22= Straight wall (11/2b) in English Bond 20 20
23= Corner wall (1 b) in English Bond 20 20
24= Corner wall (1 b) in English Bond - Racking
& Toothing
1 17 18
25= Straight wall (1/2 b) in Stretcher Bond 18 18
26= Construction of Arc 1 19 20
27= Straight wall of flemish bond (One brick
thickness)
1 19 20
28= Cross wall in English bond (One brick
thickness)
1 29 30
29= em\ofnsf] efu /fvL uf/f] nufpg] 1 29 30
30= Knfi^l/é sfo{ 18 18
31= lnG^n tof/ ug]{ 1 19 20
32= xnf] Anssf] kvf{n 1 29 30
33= ejg cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L 8 8
34= k|f]h]S^ sfo{ 10 10
hDdfM 78 312 390
!fg
k|f]h]S^ s]Gb|Lo kf&\of+z
lrq g+= 1
;Lk :t/
;L ;Lk
!f !fg
Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd lgb]{zgfnosf kf&\of+zx? k|f]h]S^df s]lGb|t
%g\ . k|f]h]S^x?sf] %gf}^ / qmdj$tf /f]huf/sf] k|j]zdf cfjZos sfo{ :t/sf]
!fg / ;Lksf] cfwf/df lgwf{/)f ul/Psf] % .
lrq g+= 1 n] Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd lgb]{zgfnosf w]/}h;f]
kf&\of+z?df sl/a 20 k|ltzt ;}$flGts / 80 k|ltzt k|of]ufTds ljifo kf&\oef/
/x]sf] b]vfp¤% . d"Vo ?kdf lrqn] k|f]h]S^sf] s]Gb|Lo :j?kdf !fg / ;Lksf]
cfjZostf af/] k|sfz kf%{ . Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflndsf k|lzIfsx?n]
tflnd cjlwe/ !fg / ;Lksf] ljsf;df ;dGjo NofO{ k|f]h]S^df qmdj$tf ldnfpg'
kb{% . ;}$flGts ljifo / ;Lk To; a]nfdf l;sfpg' kb{%, h'g a]nf pQm ljifodf
;Lk xfl;n u/L k|lzIffyL{x?n] cfkm\gf] k|f]h]S^ ;dfKt ug{ ;Ifd x'G%g\ . of] g}
;a}eGbf k|efjsf/L ljlw xf] / o;n] ;fwf/)ftof l%^f] / k|efjsf/L lzIf)f k|bfg
ub{% . h;af^
1= k|lzIffyL{n] !fg / ;Lksf] dxTj kQf nufp¤% . -k|]/)ff hfu[t x'g'_
2= ;}$flGts kf& / k|bz{g kf&df ;lDdlnt x'G% . -l;Sb%_
3= k|f]h]S^df gof¤ lzIf)f ljlw t'?Gt ckgfp¤% . -clek|]l/t x'g'_
;L=1
2
3
4
5
6
;L=2 ;L=3
!f 2
!f 3
!f 1
1
/f]huf/d"ns ;Lk df]*]n
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
sfd st{Jox?
sfo{x?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
lrq g+= 2
k|f]h]S^
k|lzIffyL{x?sf] ;Lk ljsf; ug{ ;/naf^ hl^n sfo{x? kf&\of+zsf] ljsf;cg';f/
lgDg k|f]h]S^ %gf}^ u/L /flvPsf] % .
qm=;+=
cfwf/e"t sfo{x? ;do -#)^f_
1= Corner wall of 1 brick in English Bond (1m1m) 10
hDdfM 10 #)^f
d"Nof°g of]hgf
*sdL{ -d];g_ kf&Øf+zsf k|lzIffyL{x?sf] lgDg of]hgf adf]lhd d"Nof°g ul/G% .
1= s= k|of]ufTds ef/ 80 k|ltzt
v= ;}¢flGts ef/ 20 k|ltzt
2= k|of]ufTds d"Nof°g M
s= k|To]s k|lzIffyL{n] d"Nof°gsf] nflu kf&Øf+zsf] k|f]h]S^x? ;Dkfbg ug'{kb{% .
v= kf&Øf+z cjlwe/ sDtLdf Ps k^s k|of]ufTds d"Nof°g x'g]% .
u= k|of]ufTds d"Nof°gdf lgDg lnlvt s'/fx? ;dfj]z x'g]%g\ .
c= k|f]h]S^sf] sfo{ j:t'
cf= k|lzIffyL{x?sf] sfo{, ;Lk / :t/
O= sfo{zfnf / JolQmut ;'/Iff
3= ;}¢flGts d"Nof°g M
kf&Øf+z cjlwe/ d"Nof°g ug{ sDtLdf 2 k^s lnlvt k/LIff lnOg]% .
lnlvt k/LIffdf ;fdfGotof j:t'ut k|Zgx? -Objective Questions_ ;dfj]z
x'g]%g\ .
k|lzIf)f / l;sfOsf] nflu dfu{ bz{gx?
Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|sf k|lzIffyL{x?sf] ;kmntfsf] nflu cfjZos
k|d'v k|lzIf)f / l;sfOsf l;¢fGtx?M
1= k|bz{g ;fd"lxs k|lzIf)fsf] k|f/lDes ljlw xf] .
2= sf]lré JolQmut k|lzIffyL{ k|lzIf)fsf] k|f/lDes ljlw xf] .
3= w]/} h;f] ;}¢flGts ljifo of]hgfj¢ / ;dofg's"n "%f]^f] jf pbfx/)fo'Qm %nkmn"
dfWodåf/f l;sfOG% .
4= cfjZostf eP cg';f/ b[Zo z}lIfs ;fdu|Lx? k||of]u ug{' k%{ . -df]*]n, gd"gf,
lrq rf {̂, /]vf, lrq OToflb_
5= lzIf)f sfo{ of]hgf cWofkg ug{'eGbf klxn] g} tof/ ug{' k%{ .
6= kf&\Øf+zdf z'?df g} k|lzIffyL{ d"Nof°g of]hgf k|lzIffyL{ ;dIf k|:t't ug{' k%{ .
7= kf&of]hgf ;}¢flGts / k|of]ufTds b'j} ljifodf tof/ kfg{' kb{% .
8= /fd|f] l;sfO / n]vfOsf] nflu k|lzIf)f n]v tof/ kfg{'k%{ / ltgLx?
k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ x\Øf)* cfp^sf] ?kdf ljt/)f ug{'k%{ .
9= sf]lré JolQmut k|lzIffyL{sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ x'g'k%{ / of] klxn] ljifo jf
k|bz{gnfO{ k'gM bf]xCofpg] lsl;dsf] x'g'x'¤b}g .
10= k|lzIfsn] /fd|f] efjgf / ;'/Iff hufpg'sf] ;fy} ;Lk / !fg k|bfg ug{'k%{ .
11= lzIf)f jftfj/)f k|lzIffyL{x?n] cfkm\gf] lzIf)f l;sfO sfo{df rfv lnP/ efu
lng]tkm{ pGd'v x'g' k%{ . plrt jftfj/)fsf] ;[hgf g} k|lzIfsx?sf] d"Vo Wo]o
x'g'k%{ .
12= gsf/fTds k|ljlw h:t} kIfkft, cndNn, cfIf]k -lgGbfk")f{ s'/f_ OToflbnfO{ ;se/
pTk|]l/t u/L x^fpg' k%{ .
13= tflnd cjlwe/ k|lzIffyL{nfO{ tflnd k|lt ?lr tyf cfb/ hufpg' k%{ .
;+lIfKt ljj/)f
*sdL{ -d];g_ ljifosf] nflu /f]huf/d"ns ;Lk rf^{
qm=;+
=
sfd / st{Jo sfo{ 1 sfo{ 2 sfo{ 3 sfo{ 4 sfo{ 5 sfo{ 6 sfo{ 7 sfo{ 8
1= d];g kl/ro dxTj
k|of]u
2= ;'/Iffsf] lgod JolQmut sfo{zfnf d]lzg/L
cf}hf/
3= gfksf] af/]df
hfgsf/L
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u gfKg]
cf}hf/x?
4= cf}hf/ tyf
pks/)f
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u
5= d];g sfo{df k|of]u
x'g] ;fdu|Lx?
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u
6= d;nfsf] hfgsf/L kl/ro dxTj k|of]u
7= l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L
/ kfgLsf] af/]df
hfgsf/L
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u
8= O{+§fsf] kl/ro /
k|sf/
kl/ro k|sf/ dxTj k|of]u
qm=;+
=
sfd / st{Jo sfo{ 1 sfo{ 2 sfo{ 3 sfo{ 4 sfo{ 5 sfo{ 6 sfo{ 7 sfo{ 8
9= af])* -Bond_ sf]
af/]df hfgsf/L
kl/ro k|sf/
10= cfwf/e"t ul)ft kl/ro k|of]u
11= rng rNtLdf k|of]u
x'g] OsfO{
kl/ro k|of]u
12= gS;fsf] hfgsf/L kl/ro dxTj Knfg ;]S;g Olne];g
13= :s]n kl/ro k|of]u
14= ejgsf] ljleGg
efusf] hfgsf/L
kl/ro
15= k|fylds pkrf/ kl/ro÷d
xTj
16= ('éfnfO{ ljleGg
cfsf/df sf \̂g]
kl/ro dxTj ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO
17= ('éfsf] ;'Svf uf/f]
nufpg]
kl/ro ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO
18= d;nf tof/ ug]{
ljlw
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u juL{s/)f ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
qm=;+
=
sfd / st{Jo sfo{ 1 sfo{ 2 sfo{ 3 sfo{ 4 sfo{ 5 sfo{ 6 sfo{ 7 sfo{ 8
19= 1M6 d;nf k|of]u
u/L ('éfsf] uf/f]
nufpg]
kl/ro dxTj ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO
20= O{§fsf] ^'qmf -Brick
bat_ tof/ ug]{
kl/ro dxTj ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO
21= Straight wall (1 b) in
English Bond
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
22= Straight wall (11/2b)
in English Bond
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
23= Corner wall (1 b) in
English Bond
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
24= Corner wall (1 b) in
English Bond -
Racking & Toothing
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
25= Straight wall (1/2 b)
in Stretcher Bond
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
26= Construction of Arc kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
qm=;+
=
sfd / st{Jo sfo{ 1 sfo{ 2 sfo{ 3 sfo{ 4 sfo{ 5 sfo{ 6 sfo{ 7 sfo{ 8
27= Straight wall of
flemish bond (One
brick thickness)
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
28= Cross wall in English
bond (One brick
thickness)
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
29= em\ofnsf] efu /fvL
uf/f] nufpg]
kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
30= Knfi^l/é sfo{ kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
31= lnG^n tof/ ug]{ kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
32= xnf] Anssf] kvf{n kl/ro dxTj k|of]u ljlw ;'/Iff
lgod
;/;kmfO{
33= ejg lgdf{)f cfrf/
;+lxtfsf] af/]df
hfgsf/L
kl/ro dxTj
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
1= d];g -*sdL{_ 1=1 kl/ro 1=1=1 d];g -*sdL{_ sfo{sf] kl/ro
;DaGwL !fg
1= ljlN*é÷kvf{n lgdf{)f sfo{
2= Knfi^l/é sfo{
1=2 dxTj 1=2=1 d];g sfo{sf] dxTj ;DaGwL
!fg
1= alnof]
2= cfsif{s
3= ;'/Iff cflb
1=3 k|of]u 1=3=1 d];g sfo{sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
!fg
1= #/ tyf kvf{n lgdf{)f
2= ;'/Iffsf] lgod 2=1 JolQmut ;'/Iff 2=1=1 JolQmut ;'/Iff ;DaGwL !fg 1= Pk|f]g
2= h'Qf
3= k`hf
4= x]Nd]^
5= k|fylds pkrf/sf] afs; cflb
2=2 sfo{zfnf ;'/Iff 2=2=1 sfo{zfnf ;'/Iff ;DaGwL !fg 1= k|sfz
2= e]lG^n]zg
3= ljB't
4= ;/;kmfO{
5= sfo{If]q
2=3 d]l;g, cf}hf/ tyf
pks/)fx?
2=3=1 d]l;g, cf}hf/ tyf pks/)fx?
;DaGwL ;'/Iffsf] !fg
1= *sdL{ sfo{df cfjZos ;Dk")f{
d]l;g, cf}hf/ tyf pks/)fx?sf]
;'/Iff
3= gfksf] af/]df hfgsf/L 3=1 kl/ro 3=1=1 gfksf] kl/ro ;DaGwL !fg 1= OGr
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
2= lkm^
3= ld^/
4= ;]lG^ld^/
5= ldlnld^/ cflb
3=2 dxTj 3=2=1 gfksf] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg 1= *sdL{ sfo{df gfksf] dxTj
2= cfjZostf cg';f/ gfk lnP/
sfd ug{
3=3 k|of]u 3=3=1 gfksf] k|of]u ;DaGwL !fg 1= *sdL{ sfo{sf] x/]s If]qdf gfksf]
k|of]u cfjZos x'G% .
3=4 gfKg] cf}hf/x? 3=4=1 gfKg] cf}hf/x?sf] af/]df !fg 1= d]hl/é ]̂k
2= :s]n
3= xfO^ u]h cflb
4= cf}hf/ tyf pks/)f 4=1 kl/ro 4=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
cf}hf/ tyf pks/)fsf] kl/ro
;DaGwL !fg
1= *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g] k%f*L
pNn]v ul/Psf cf}hf/ tyf
pks/)fx?
4=2 dxTj 4=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
cf}hf/ tyf pks/)fx?sf]
dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= cf}hf/ tyf pks/)fx?sf] dxTj
af/] a'emL k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]
4=3 k|of]u 4=3=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
cf}hf/ tyf pks/)fx?sf]
;xL k|of]u ug{ ;Ifd
1= ;xL cf}hf/ tyf pks/)f ;xL
&fp¤df k|of]u u/L sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]
5= d];g sfo{df k|of]u x'g] 5=1 kl/ro 5=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g] 1= *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g] k%f*L
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
;fdu|Lx? ;fdu|Lx?sf] kl/ro ;DaGwL
!fg
pNn]v ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx?
2= k'/ftg ;dodf k|of]u x'g]
;fdu|Lx?
3= xfn k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|Lx?
5=2 dxTj 5=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
;fdu|Lx?sf] dxTj ;DaGwL
!fg
1= cfjZos ;fdu|Lx?sf] dxTj af/]
a'emL k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]
5=3 k|of]u 5=3=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
;fdu|Lx?sf] ;xL k|of]u ug{
;Ifd
1= ;xL ;fdu|Lsf] ;xL &fp¤df k|of]u
u/L sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]
6= d;nf -Mortar_ sf]
hfgsf/L
6=1 kl/ro 6=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
d;nfsf] kl/ro ;DaGwL !fg
1= ljleGg cg'kftsf d;nfsf] kl/ro
-h:t}M 1M3, 1M4, 1M5, 1M6_
2= s+lqm^ d;nf
-h:t}M 1M2M4, 1M3M6_
6=2 dxTj 6=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
d;nfsf] cg'kftsf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= ljleGg cg'kftsf dxnfsf] dxTj
a'em\g] / a'emfpg]
6=3 k|of]u 6=3=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
ljleGg cg'kftsf] d;nfsf]
;xL k|of]u ug{ ;Ifd
1= cfjZostf cg';f/ ljleGg
cg'kftsf d;nfsf] k|of]u u/L
lgdf{)f sfo{ ug]{
7= l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L /
kfgLsf] af/]df hfgsf/L
7=1 kl/ro 7=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L /
kfgLsf] dfqf af/]df hfgsf/L
1= l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L / kfgLsf]
;xL dfqf af/]df a'em\g] a'emfpg]
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
7=2 dxTj 7=1=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L /
kfgLsf] ;xL dfqfsf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L / kfgLsf]
;xL dfqfsf] dxTj a'em\g] /
a'emfpg]
7=3 k|of]u 7=3=1 *sdL{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L /
kfgLsf] ;xL dfqfsf] k|of]u
ug{ ;Ifd
1= l;d]G^, afn'jf, lu§L / kfgLsf]
;xL dfqfsf] k|of]u u/L lgdf{)f
sfo{ ug]{
8= O{+§fsf] kl/ro / k|sf/ 8=1 kl/ro 8=1=1 O{§fsf] af/]df hfgsf/L
1= lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u ug{ O{§fsf]
af/]df k")f{ ljj/)f a'em\g] /
a'emfpg]
8=2 k|sf/ 8=2=1 O{+§fsf] k|sf/ ;DaGwL !fg 1= 1 g+= O{+§f
2= 2 g+= O{+§f
3= 3 g+= O{+§f
8=3 dxTj 8=3=1 O{§fsf] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= lgdf{)f sfo{df ;xL O{+§fsf] dxTj
/ To;n] kfg]{ k|efj af/] hfgsf/L
lng]
8=4 k|of]u 8=4=1 ;xL O{+§fsf] k|of]u ug{ ;Ifd
1= cfjZostf cg';f/ ;xL :yfgdf
;xL O{+§fsf] k|of]u
9= a)* -Bond_ sf] af/]df
hfgsf/L
9=1 kl/ro 9=1=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df a)*sf] af/]df
hfgsf/L
1= lgdf{)f sfo{ ubf{ a)*sf] af/]df
a'em\g] / a'emfpg]
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
9=2 k|sf/ 9=2=1 a)*sf] k|sf/ ;DaGwL !fg 1= English Bond
2= Flemish Bond cflb
10= cfwf/e"t ul)ft 10=1 kl/ro 10=1=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u x'g]
cfwf/e"t ul)ftLo !fg
1= nDafO{
2= rf}*fO{
3= If]qkmn
4= cfotg
5= kl/df)f
10=2 k|of]u 10=2=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df ul)ftLo
!fgsf] k|of]u ug{ ;Ifd
1= lgdf{)f sfo{df lx;fa lgsfNg ;xL
ljlw ckgfO{ gfk cg';f/ sfo{
ug]{
11= rngrNtLdf k|of]u x'g]
OsfO{
11=1 kl/ro 11=1=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df rngrNtLsf]
OsfO{ ;DaGwL !fg
1= OGr
2= lkm^
3= ld^/
4= ;]lG^ld^/
5= ldlnld^/ cflb
6= OsfO{ kl/jt{g
11=2 k|of]u 11=2=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df rngrNtLsf]
OsfO{ / :^Øf)**{ OsfO{sf]
k|of]u ;DaGwL !fg
1= lgdf{)f sfo{df cfjZostf cg';f/
:^Øf)**{ / rngrNtL b'j}
OsfO{sf] k|of]u ug{ ;Ifd
12= gS;fsf] hfgsf/L 12=1 kl/ro 12=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df gS;fsf]
cfjZostf / k|of]usf] kl/ro
;DaGwL !fg
1= gS;f cg';f/sf] lgdf{)f sfo{ ug{
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
12=2 dxTj 12=2=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df gS;fsf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= klxn] gS;f lgdf{)f x'g]
2= gS;f cg';f/ lgdf{)f sfo{ ug{'kg]{
12=3 Knfg 12=3=1 gS;faf^ Knfgsf] af/]df
hfgsf/L lng ;Ifd
1= lgdf{)f ul/g'kg]{ ;+/rgfsf] top
view 2= To;df ePsf] nDafO{, rf}*fO{
12=4 ;]S;g 12=4=1 gS;faf^ ;]S;gsf] af/]df
hfgsf/L lng ;Ifd
1= ;+/rgfsf] leqL agf}^sf] nflu
sfNklgs ?kdf sfl^Psf] gS;f
12=5 Olne];g 12=5=1 gS;faf^ Olne];gsf] af/]df
hfgsf/L lng ;Ifd
1= ;+/rgfsf] aflx/L ?k
13= :s]n 13=1 kl/ro 13=1 gS;fdf k|of]u ePsf] :s]nsf]
af/]df hfgsf/L
1= 1M100
2= 1M8
13=2 k|of]u 13=2=1 gS;f lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u
ePsf] :s]n / jf:tljs
;+/rgf lgdf{)f ubf{ k|of]u
ul/g] :s]nsf] af/]df hfgsf/L
1= ;+/rgf lgdf{)f sfo{df gS;fsf]
:s]nnfO{ jf:tljs lgdf{)fdf
kl/jt{g ug]{
14= ejgsf] ljleGg efusf]
hfgsf/L
14=1 kl/ro 14=1 lgdf{)f sfo{ ubf{ ejgsf]
ljleGg efusf] hfgsf/L k|fKt
ug{ ;Ifd
1= hu
2= l*=lk=;L=
3= l;n n]en
4= lnG^n
5= :nfa cflb
15= k|fylds pkrf/ 15=1 kl/ro÷dxTj 15=1=1 k|fylds pkrf/sf] 1= k|fylds pkrf/sf] kl/ro÷dxTj
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
kl/ro÷dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
lbO{ k|fylds pkrf/ ug{
;Ifd
a'emfO{ k|fylds pkrf/ ug]{ tl/sf
a'emfpg]
16= ('éfnfO{ ljleGg cfsf/df
sf \̂g]
16=1 kl/ro 16=1=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u ul/g]
('éfnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/
ljleGg cfsf/df sf^\g]
;DaGwL !fg
1= cfjZostf cg';f/ ('éfnfO{
#g÷l%gfsf] k|of]u u/L sf \̂g]
16=2 dxTj 16=2=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u ul/g]
('éfnfO{ lglZrt cfsf/df
sf \̂g] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= gldn]sf] ('éfnfO{ cfsf/df Nofpg
;lsg]
16=3 ljlw 16=3=1 ('éfnfO{ pko'Qm ljlw ckgfO{
sf^L cfsf/df Nofpg ;Ifd
1= #gsf] k|of]u u/L
2= l%gfsf] k|of]u u/L
16=4 ;'/Iff lgod 16=4=1 ('éf sf \̂bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf] lgod af/] hfgsf/L
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
16=5 ;/;kmfO{ 16=5=1 ('éf sf \̂g] sfo{ ;lsPkl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
17= ('éfsf] ;'Svf uf/f]
nufpg]
17=1 kl/ro 17=1=1 ('éf k|of]u u/L cfjZostf
cg';f/sf] ;'Svf uf/f] nufpg]
;DaGwL !fg
1= lgb]{zg cg';f/ n]en ldnfO{ uf/f]
nufpg]
17=2 ljlw 17=2=1 pko'Qm ljlw ckgfO{ ;'Svf 1= ('éfnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ sf^\g]
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
uf/f] nufpg ;Ifd
2= #)^L tyf ]̂ksf] k|of]u ug]{
3= kfOk n]en ldnfpg]
4= lgb]{zg cg';f/sf] uf/f] nufpg]
17=3 ;'/Iff lgod 17=3=1 ('éfsf] uf/f] nufp¤bf
ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf] lgod
af/] hfgsf/L
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
17=4 ;/;kmfO{ 17=4=1 uf/f] nufO{ ;lsPkl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
18= d;nf tof/ ug]{ ljlw 18=1 kl/ro 18=1=1 cfjZostf cg';f/ lgdf{)f
sfo{df k|of]u ul/g] d;nf
;DaGwL !fg
1= cfjZostf cg';f/sf] d;nf tof/
ug]{ -h:t}M 1M2, 1M3, 1M4, 1M5,
1M6 cflb_
18=2 dxTj 18=2=1 ljleGg cg'kftsf d;nfsf]
dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= cfjZostf cg';f/ k|of]u ug{
18=3 ljlw 18=3=1 cfjZostf cg';f/sf] d;nf
tof/ ug{ ;Ifd
1= h'g cg'kftdf d;fnf tof/ ug{'kg]{
xf], ToxL cg'kftdf l;d]G^ /
afn'jfsf] k|of]u u/L d;nf tof/
ug]{
18=4 ;'/Iff lgod 18=4=1 d;nf tof/ kfbf{ ckgfpg'
kg]{ ;'/Iffsf] lgod af/]
hfgsf/L
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
18=5 ;/;kmfO{ 18=5=1 d;nf tof/ ug]{ sfo{
;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
19= 1M6 d;nf k|of]u u/L
('éfsf] uf/f] nufpg]
19=1 kl/ro 19=1=1 ('éf k|of]u u/L cfjZostf
cg';f/sf] 1M6 sf] d;nfdf
uf/f] nufpg] ;DaGwL !fg
1= lgb]{zg cg';f/ n]en ldnfO{ uf/f]
nufpg]
19=2 dxTj 19=2=1 1M6 sf] d;nfdf ('éfsf]
uf/f] nufpg] dxTj ;DaGwL
!fg
1= cfjZostf cg';f/ alnof] /
l^sfp agfpg
19=3 ljlw 19=3=1 pko'Qm ljlw ckgfO{ uf/f]
nufpg ;Ifd
1= ('éfnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ sf^\g]
2= #)^L tyf ]̂ksf] k|of]u ug]{
3= kfOk n]en ldnfpg]
4= lgb]{zg cg';f/sf] d;nf k|of]u
u/L uf/f] nufpg]
19=4 ;'/Iff lgod 19=4=1 ('éfsf] uf/f] nufp¤bf
ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf] lgod
af/] hfgsf/L
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
19=5 ;/;kmfO{ 19=5=1 uf/f] nufO{ ;lsPkl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
20= O{+§fsf] ^'qmf -Brick Bat_
tof/ ug]{
20=1 kl/ro 20=1=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u ul/g]
O{+§fnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/
1= cfjZostf cg';f/ O{+§fnfO{ la|s
PS; -Brick Axe_ sf] k|of]u u/L
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
ljleGg cfsf/df sf^\g]
;DaGwL !fg
sf \̂g]
20=2 dxTj 20=2=1 lgdf{)f sfo{df k|of]u ul/g]
O{+§fnfO{ lglZrt cfsf/df
sf \̂g] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= O{+§fnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/
cfsf/df Nofpg ;lsg]
20=3 ljlw 20=3=1 O{+§fnfO{ pko'Qm ljlw ckgfO{
sf^L cfjZostf cg';f/sf]
cfsf/df Nofpg ;Ifd
1= Brick Axe sf] k|of]u u/L
2= #gsf] k|of]u u/L
20=4 ;'/Iff lgod 20=4=1 O{+§f sf \̂bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf] lgod af/] hfgsf/L
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
20=5 ;/;kmfO{ 20=5=1 O{+§f sf \̂g] sfo{ ;lsPkl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
21= Straight wall (1 b) in
English Bond 21=1 kl/ro 21=1=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg] ;DaGwL
!fg
1= 9Æ sf] l;wf uf/f]
21=2 dxTj 21=2=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg'sf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= alnof] uf/f]
2= a(L k|of]u
21=3 k|of]u
21=3=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f]sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
1= lkn/ l;:^ddf cTolws k|of]u
2= aflx/L jfn
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
!fg
3= kfl^;g jfn
21=4 ljlw 21=4=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg] ljlw
;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
21=5 ;'/Iff lgod 21=5=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg'
kg]{ ;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL
!fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
21=6 ;/;kmfO{ 21=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
22= Straight wall (11/2 b) in
English Bond 22=1 kl/ro 22=1=1 *]( O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg] ;DaGwL
!fg
1= 14Æ sf] l;wf uf/f]
22=2 dxTj 22=2=1 *]( O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg'sf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= alnof] uf/f]
2= jfn l;:^ddf a(L k|of]u
22=3 k|of]u
22=3=1 *]( O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f]sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
1= aflx/L jfn
2= afp)*<L jfn
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
!fg
3= cTolws alnof] agfpg
4= jfn l;:^ddf a(L k|of]u
22=4 ljlw 21=4=1 *]( O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg] ljlw
;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
22=5 ;'/Iff lgod 22=5=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg'
kg]{ ;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL
!fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
22=5 ;/;kmfO{ 22=5=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
23= Corner wall (1 b) in
English Bond
23=1 kl/ro 23=1=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f] nufpg] ;DaGwL
!fg
1= 9Æ sf] s'gfsf] uf/f]
23=2 dxTj 23=2=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f] nufpg'sf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= alnof]
2= s'g} klg ;+/rgf lgdf{)f ubf{ s'gf
kg]{ g} x'G% .
23=3 k|of]u 23=3=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df 1= s'gf s'gfdf cfjZos
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
s'gfsf] uf/f]sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
!fg
23=4 ljlw 23=4=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f] nufpg] ljlw
;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
23=5 ;'/Iff lgod 23=5=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f] nufp¤bf
ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf lgod
;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
23=6 ;/;kmfO{ 23=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
24= Corner wall (1 b) in
English Bond - Racking &
Toothing
24=1 kl/ro 24=1=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f]sf] Psfkl§ bf¤tL
csf]{k§L Racking u/L nufpg]
;DaGwL !fg
1= 9Æ sf] s'gfsf] uf/f]df csf]{ uf/f]
hf]*\gsf] nflu
24=2 dxTj 24=2=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f]sf] Psfkl§ bf¤tL
csf]{k§L Racking u/L
nufpg'sf] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= b'O{ uf/f] alnof];¤u hf]*\g
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
24=3 k|of]u
24=3=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f]sf] Psfkl§ bf¤tL
csf]{k§L Racking sf] k|of]u
;DaGwL !fg
1= s'gf s'gfdf kl% uf/f] NofP/
hf]*\g
24=4 ljlw 24=4=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f]sf] Psfkl§ bf¤tL
csf]{k§L Racking u/L uf/f]
nufpg] ljlw ;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
5= Toothing df #)^L ldnfpg'kg]{
24=5 ;'/Iff lgod 24=5=1 uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
24=6 ;/;kmfO{ 24=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
25= Straight wall (1/2 b) in
Stretcher Bond
25=1 kl/ro 25=1=1 cfwf O{+§fsf] stretcher bond
df l;wf uf/f] nufpg]
;DaGwL !fg
1= 4Æ sf] l;wf uf/f]
25=2 dxTj 21=2=1 cfwf O{+§fsf] stretcher bond
df l;wf uf/f] nufpg'sf]
dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= kfl {̂;g ug{
2= yf]/} If]q cf]u^\%
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
25=3 k|of]u
25=3=1 cfwf O{+§fsf] stretcher bond
df l;wf uf/f]sf] k|of]u
;DaGwL !fg
1= lkn/ l;:^ddf cTolws k|of]u
2= kfl {̂;g jfn
3= sd If]qkmn ePsf] :yfg
25=4 ljlw 25=4=1 cfwf O{+§fsf] stretcher
bond df l;wf uf/f] nufpg]
ljlw ;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df stretcher ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
25=5 ;'/Iff lgod 25=5=1 uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
25=6 ;/;kmfO{ 25=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
26= Construction of Arc 26=1 kl/ro 25=1=1 O{+§fsf] k|of]u u/L arc agfO{
uf/f] nufpg] ;DaGwL !fg
1= ;f] lgsfNg], (f]sf #^fpg]
p@]Zon] arc agfpg]
26=2 dxTj 26=2=1 Arc sf] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= ;f] lgsfNg]
2= (f]sf #^fpg]
26=3 k|of]u
25=3=1 Arc sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL !fg
1= ejgsf] lsrg, *fO{lgé
2= b'O{ lkn/ aLr zf]ef a(fpg
26=4 ljlw 26=4=1 Arc agfpg] ljlw ;DaGwL 1= kmdf{ ;]^ ug]{
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
!fg
2= b'O{ O{+§f aLrdf /fd|f];¤u d;fnf
eg]{
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
5= ag]kl% /fd|/L curing ug{'kg]{
26=5 ;'/Iff lgod 26=5=1 uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
26=6 ;/;kmfO{ 26=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
27= Straight wall of flemish bond
(One brick thickness)
27=1 kl/ro 27=1=1 Ps O{+§fsf] flemish bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg] ;DaGwL
!fg
1= 9Æ sf] l;wf uf/f]
27=2 dxTj 27=2=1 Ps O{+§fsf] flemish bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg'sf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= cfs[lt /fd|f] b]lvg]
27=3 k|of]u
27=3=1 Ps O{+§fsf] flemish bond df
l;wf uf/f]sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
!fg
1= aflx/L jfn
2= kfl {̂;g jfn
27=4 ljlw 27=4=1 Ps O{+§fsf] flemsih bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufpg] ljlw
;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= Pp }̂ n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
27=5 ;'/Iff lgod 27=5=1 Ps O{+§fsf] flemish bond df
l;wf uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg'
kg]{ ;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL
!fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
27=6 ;/;kmfO{ 27=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
28= Cross wall in English bond
(One brick thickness)
28=1 kl/ro 28=1=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
cross wall nufpg] ;DaGwL
!fg
1= 9Æ sf] b'O{ uf/f] cross x'g]
28=2 dxTj 28=2=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
cross wall nufpg'sf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= alnof]
2= sf]&fx? %'§Øfpg]
28=3 k|of]u
28=3=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
cross wall sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
!fg
1= b'O{ lt/af^ wall cfO{ sfl^g]
&fp¤df
2= sf]&f %'§Øfpg] :yfgdf
28=4 ljlw 28=4=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
cross wall nufpg] ljlw
;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
28=5 ;'/Iff lgod 28=5=1 Ps O{+§fsf] english bond df
s'gfsf] uf/f] nufp¤bf
ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf lgod
;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
28=6 ;/;kmfO{ 28=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
29= em\ofnsf] efu /fvL uf/f]
nufpg]
29=1 kl/ro 29=1=1 em\ofnsf] efu /fvL uf/f]
nufpg] ;DaGwL !fg
1= em\ofn /fVg
29=2 dxTj 29=2=1 em\ofnsf] efu /fVg'sf] dxTj
;DaGwL !fg
1= kl% em\ofn /fVg
29=3 k|of]u
29=3=1 em\ofnsf] efu /fvL uf/f]
nufpg'sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL !fg
1= kl% em\ofn /FVg]
29=4 ljlw 29=4=1 em\ofnsf] efu /fvL uf/f]
nufpg] ljlw ;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df header stretcher
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
29=5 ;'/Iff lgod 29=5=1 uf/f] nufp¤bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
29=6 ;/;kmfO{ 29=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
30= Knfi^l/é sfo{ 30=1 kl/ro 30=1=1 Knfi^l/ésf] kl/ro ;DaGwL
!fg
1= uf/f]nfO{ %f]kL cfsif{s b]vfpg]
2= /+u nufpg] ;tx tof/ ug]{
30=2 dxTj 30=2=1 Knfi^l/ésf] dxTj ;DaGwL
!fg
1= cfsif{s
2= alnof]
3= uf/f]nfO{ jftfj/)fLo c;/af^
;'/lIft /fVg
30=3 k|of]u 30=3=1 Knfi^l/ésf] k|of]u ;DaGwL
!fg
1= O{+^f tyf Anssf] uf/f]df
2= e"O{+df -sf]/f, dl;gf]_
3= l;lnédf cflb
30=4 ljlw 30=4=1 Knfi^l/é ug]{ ljlw af/] !fg
1= afn'jfsf] cj:yf x]/L kvfNg' kg]{
2= afn'jf rfNg]
3= afn'jfsf] cj:yf x]/L 1M4 jf 1M5
sf] cg'kftdf d;nf agfO{ Knfi^/
ug]{
30=5 ;'/Iff lgod 30=5=1 Knfi^/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
30=6 ;/;kmfO{ 30=6=1 Knfi^/ ul/;s]kl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
31= lnG^n tof/ ug]{ 31=1 kl/ro 31=1=1 lnG^nsf] kl/ro ;DaGwL
!fg
1= em\ofn jf (f]sf dfly *)*L /fvL
lgdf{)f ul/g] ;+/rgf
31=2 dxTj 31=2=1 lnG^nsf] dxTj ;DaGwL !fg 1= alnof] agfpg
2= em\ofn cyjf (f]sfnfO{ nf]*af^
arfpg
31=3 k|of]u 31=3=1 lnG^nsf] k|of]u ;DaGwL !fg 1= em\ofn jf (f]sfsf] dfly
31=4 ljlw 31=4=1 lnG^n tof/ ug]{ ljlw af/]
!fg
1= l/é tof/ ug]{
2= *)*L /fVg]
3= kmdf{ &f]sL (nfg ug]{
31=5 ;'/Iff lgod 31=5=1 lnG^n ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
31=6 ;/;kmfO{ 31=6=1 lnG^n tof/ ul/;s]kl%
;/;kmfO{ ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
32= xnf] Anssf] kvf{n
nufpg]
32=1 kl/ro 32=1=1 xnf] Anssf] l;wf uf/f]
nufpg] ;DaGwL !fg
1= Anssf] l;wf uf/f]
32=2 dxTj 32=2=1 xnf] Anssf] uf/f] nufpg'sf]
dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= l%^f] uf/f] nufpg]
2= tfk tyf WjgL cj/f]ws
32=3 k|of]u 32=3=1 xnf] Anssf] l;wf uf/f]sf] 1= afp)*<L jfn
qm=;+= sfd / st{Jo sfo{ tyf pksfo{x? p@]Zo ;+lIfKt ljj/)f
k|of]u ;DaGwL !fg
2= ejg
3= uf]bfd -^x/f_
32=4 ljlw 32=4=1 xnf] Anssf] l;wf uf/f]
nufpg] ljlw ;DaGwL !fg
1= sDtLdf lap Ps rf}yfO{ x'g'kg]{
2= k|To]s n]o/df stretcher x?
ldnfpg]
3= #)^L, n]en ldnfpg'kg]{
4= aflx/L efu ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{
32=5 ;'/Iff lgod 32=5=1 xnf] Anssf] l;wf uf/f]
nufp¤bf ckgfpg' kg]{
;'/Iffsf lgod ;DaGwL !fg
1= JolQmut ;'/Iff
2= cf}hf/sf] ;'/Iff
32=6 ;/;kmfO{ 32=6=1 uf/f] nufO{;lsPkl% ;/;kmfO{
ug{ ;Ifd
1= JolQmut ;/;kmfO{
2= cf}hf/sf] ;/;kmfO{
3= sfo{zfnfsf] ;/;kmfO{
33= ejg lgdf{)f cfrf/
;+lxtfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L
33=1 kl/ro 33=1=1 k|rlnt ejg lgdf{)f cfrf/
;+lxtfsf] !fg
1= ejg ljefun] nfu" u/]sf] cfrf/
;+lxtf
33=2 dxTj 33=2=1 ejg lgdf{)f cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf]
dxTj ;DaGwL !fg
1= alnof]
2= e"sDk k|lt/f]wL
3= dfkb)* cg'?k
d]lzg, cf}hf/ tyf ;/;fdfgx?sf] dfkb)* -gD;{_
-Norms of Machines, Tools & Materials_
k|lzIffyL{ ;+Vof M 20
qm=;+= ljj/)f ;fOh k/Ldf)f OsfO{ s}lkmot
! ;}4flGts sIff !% x @) ! j6f
@ sfo{zfnf #) x $) ! j6f
# af]N;6/ $ j6f
$ 6«fO:Sjfo/ $ j6f
% O{§fsf] xyf}8f @) j6f
^ afN6Lg $ j6f
& ljN8/ :Sjfo/ ! j6f
* s]g jf:s]6 ! j6f
( l5gf % j6f
!) So'jS; ! j6f
!! xDd/ !) j6f
!@ jfo/ j|; $ j6f
!# km\nf]6 $ j6f
!$ u]h aS;÷a}lr· jS; ! j6f
!% u|fOG8/ ] @ j6f
!^ u|fOlG8· :6f]g !) j6f
!& X]S; km]|d / An]8 % ;]6
!* x]nd]6 @) j6f
!( O{§f sf6\g] xltof/ -la|s PS;_ @) j6f
@) n]en kfOk !) j6f
@! nfOg / lkG; @) j6f
@@ d}n]6 % j6f
@# fKg] lkmQf !) j6f
@$ ldlS;· af]8{ $ j6f
@% df]6f/ Kofg !) j6f
@^ lks % j6f
@& Kndjj !) j6f
@* HjfOG6/ $ j6f
@( 6«fj]n !) j6f
#) KjfOlG6· 6«fj]n !) j6f
#! cf/f ! j6f
#@ :k|L6 n]en $ j6f
## 6fOln· 6«j]n $ j6f
#$ ;fj]n $ j6f
Rffn' ;fdu|L
! a'6 @) j6f
@ 8f]sf] !) j6f
# k+hf @) Hf]f/
$ Kf|fylds pkrf/sf ;fdu|L ! ;]6
% O§f @))) Uf]f6f
^ k]lG;n @) Uf]f6f
& O/]h/ @) Uf]f6f
* 9'+uf # 3=dL=
( l;d]G6 @) Af]f/f
!) afn'jf #) 3=dL=
!! lu§L # 3=dL=
sd{rf/L
1= k|lzIfs 1 hgf
2= ;xfos k|lzIfs 1 hgf
3= sfof{no ;xof]uL 1 hgf
cGo -cfjZostf cg';f/_
1= ;fdfg ('jfgL - <̂fG:kf] ]̂{zg_
2= Xof)*\; cfp^, Dofg'cn, k':ts, klqsf, pb\#f^g ;dfkg, ;l {̂lkms]^, hnkfg,
cltyL ;Tsf/ cflb
;xof]uL k':ts
1= uf/f] nufpg] k|ljlw
df]xgdfg Jo`hgsf/