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Unternehmensrechnung und Wirtschaftsinformatik
The Role of ICT in Green Logistics –
A Systematic Literature Review
6th International Conference on Information Technologies in Environmental Engineering 2013
Leuphana University Lüneburg, Germany, 11 July 2013
Dipl.-Wirt.-Inf. Volker Frehe; volker.frehe@uni-osnabrueck.de
Prof. Dr. Frank Teuteberg; frank.teuteberg@uni-osnabrueck.de
©2013 | Volker Frehe 2 ITEE 2013
Agenda
Motivation / Introduction
1
Research Method
2
Results
3
Implications
4
Further Research
5
©2013 | Volker Frehe 3 ITEE 2013
Agenda
Motivation / Introduction
1
Research Method
2
Results
3
Implications
4
Further Research
5
©2013 | Volker Frehe 4 ITEE 2013
Motivation
Green IT, Green IS and Sustainability are discussed in different areas.
Min and Kim (2012) identified 519 papers & 6 journals solely connected to green logistic & SCM issues
Environmental legislation (e.g. Kyoto Protocol (2012), ISO (2012))
Awareness of consumers for (ecological, ethical) transparency & their sense of environmental responsibility is increasing public reputation important (Dangelico and Pujari (2010); White et al. (2012))
Green aspect is discussed in science, practice and mass media alike
This paper provides
Overview of current research of Green Logistics / Green SCM
Focus on ICT (including (IS))
Reveals open research questions
©2013 | Volker Frehe 5 ITEE 2013
Definition of the Topic
“Logistics is the process of strategically managing the procurement,
movement and storage of materials, parts and finished inventory (and
the related information flows) through the organization and its
marketing channels in such a way that current and future profitability
are maximized through the cost-effective fulfillment of orders.”
Christopher (1998)
Different opinions about differentiation to SCM
Christopher (1998): kind of extension to the logic of logistics
Baumgarten et al. (2003): logistics and SCM supplement each other
Here the formulation ‘Green Logistics’ is chosen, despite if it is more
a logistics or a SCM topic
©2013 | Volker Frehe 6 ITEE 2013
Agenda
Motivation / Introduction
1
Research Method
2
Results
3
Implications
4
Further Research
5
©2013 | Volker Frehe 7 ITEE 2013
Research Method
Systematic literature review
Important & essential method in science (Webster and Watson (2002), Vom Brocke et al. (2009))
Key instrument for efficient analysis of large numbers of sources (Fettke (2006))
Keyword search + for backward and forward search
Terms like "green logistic", "green transport", "green scm", etc. combined with keywords like “ICT”, "Information System*" and several other ICT relevant keywords
Relevant journals by using a mixture of 3 rankings
WI (WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK) ranking
MIS (Management Information Systems) journal ranking of the AIS (Association for Information Systems)
Journal Rankings for Transport, Logistics and SCM (University of Sydney)
Only A-ranked journals 63 journals
Additional 3 top IS conferences (ECIS, WI, ICIS)
73 articles which were checked for relevance
51 relevant articles identified for review
©2013 | Volker Frehe 8 ITEE 2013
Review Focus
Research is classified as follows:
Cf. Cooper & Hedges (1988); Fettke (2006)
Characteristic Categories
Type Argumentative-deductive Mathematical-statistical Focus Research outcomes Research methods Theories Applications Goal Formulation Not explicit Explicit
Content Integration Criticism Central issues Perspective Neutral representation Espousal of position Literature Selection Not explicit Explicit
Coverage Key literature Representative Selective Complete Structure Historical Thematic Methodical Audience Specialized scholars General scholars Practitioners General public Future research Not explicit Explicit
©2013 | Volker Frehe 9 ITEE 2013
Related Work
Literature Reviews in the area of Green Logistics
Building sustainability in logistics operations: a research agenda Dey et al. (2011) Current situation (role and importance) of sustainability & recommendations for companies
A Review of the Past Research and Future Ideas Janic (2006) Research on sustainability of transport systems in the last 15 years for the EU
An organizational theoretic review of green SCM literature Sarkis et al. (2011) Review of Green SCM literature under nine broad organizational theories
Sustainable Urban Transport in the 21st Century: A New Agenda Schipper (2002) Quantitative and qualitative trends in urban transportation and environment in developing countries
Green SCM: A state-of-the-art literature review Srivastava (2007) General review of categories, mathematical techniques & tools in GL
RFID in RL – Research Framework and Roadmap Thoroe et al. (2009) RFID literature in the area of Reverse Logistics
ICT for logistics and freight transportation: a literature review and research agenda Perego et al. (2011) Classification by research methodology and addressed themes
No Review focusing on the use of ICT in GL
©2013 | Volker Frehe 10 ITEE 2013
Agenda
Motivation / Introduction
1
Research Method
2
Results
3
Implications
4
Further Research
5
©2013 | Volker Frehe 11 ITEE 2013
Results - Focus
Logistics Categories
Transportation dominant
Passenger > Freight
Warehousing, Purchasing & Packaging under-represented
25%
2% 2%
10%
0%
35% 39%
10% 16%
SCM Strategy
Purchase Logistics
Warehousing Production Logistics
Packaging Freight Transport
Passenger Transport
Distribution Logistics
RL / Closed- Loop-SCM
©2013 | Volker Frehe 12 ITEE 2013
Results - Focus
ICT Categories
Kind of ICT ICT category Appearance in paper Methods & Practices
e-Commerce 10%
EDI 8%
e-Payment 2%
Telecommuting 12% Software & Applications
CO2 Calculators 12%
Driver Assistance Systems 4%
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems 2%
Information Systems (in general) 51%
Network Optimization Software 2%
Personal Travel Application 4% Technologies
Barcodes 4%
Internet 37%
RFID / Tagging 16%
Sensor technologies 8%
Smartphones 18%
Tracking Technologies 6%
GPS 20%
Wireless Communication 8%
Kind of ICT ICT category Appearance in paper Methods & Practices
e-Commerce 10%
EDI 8%
e-Payment 2%
Telecommuting 12% Software & Applications
CO2 Calculators 12%
Driver Assistance Systems 4%
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems 2%
Information Systems (in general) 51%
Network Optimization Software 2%
Personal Travel Application 4% Technologies
Barcodes 4%
Internet 37%
RFID / Tagging 16%
Sensor technologies 8%
Smartphones 18%
Tracking Technologies 6%
GPS 20%
Wireless Communication 8%
©2013 | Volker Frehe 13 ITEE 2013
Results - Focus
Examined Categories of Information Systems
19%
23%
4% 4%
8%
23%
4%
15%
19%
12%
IS / not further
specified
Decision Support Systems
Demand Management
Systems
Distribution Systems
Environmental Management
Systems
Geographic Information
Systems
Internet Based
Manafacturing Systems
LUT Planning Systems
Transport Information
Systems
Traveler Information
Systems
©2013 | Volker Frehe 14 ITEE 2013
Results – Potential Benefits
Use of ICT Applications 2 most mentioned (potential) green
benefits
(Potential) green benefits by use of KPIs, benchmarking and
monitoring applications
Most Often mentioned
Only one paper investigates the benefits through a case study
Further research to analyze the relation between monitoring
KPIs and benefit for GL
Impact of DSS
DSS used for route planning
Impact of route planning on GHG emissions identified as
important issue
Impact has not yet been specified nor approved
©2013 | Volker Frehe 15 ITEE 2013
Results – Research Methods
Research Methods as described by Wilde et al. (2007)
63%
4%
22%
2%
18%
20%
4%
16%
Deductive Research
Simulation
Reference Modeling
Action Research
Prototyping
Case Study
Cross-Sectional Analysis
Experiment
©2013 | Volker Frehe 16 ITEE 2013
Results – Unsolved Problems
Most of unsolved problems are of technological or economic
nature
Often need of an indicator system for benchmarking is
mentioned
Need of prototypical implementation of applications like
CO2 calculators
(green | logistics) information systems
to analyze ecological impact and acceptance
Measure the impact of any conceptual method or idea
Acceptance by stakeholders must be analyzed
Prototyping and Behavioral Science methods like Case Study
or Field Experiment should be applied for further research
©2013 | Volker Frehe 17 ITEE 2013
Agenda
Motivation / Introduction
1
Research Method
2
Results
3
Implications
4
Further Research
5
©2013 | Volker Frehe 18 ITEE 2013
Implications
Under-represented categories in current literature
Purchase Logistics
Warehousing
Production Logistics
Packaging
No studies investigating the integration among different ICT applications for GL
All applications have been examined as a single component
A more holistic approach should be investigated
Studies which measure the impact of Green KPI measuring/monitoring on GL are rare
Few papers analyze the dependency on or impact of Green KPI monitoring/measuring and potential benefits
Impact should be investigated through further research
Behavioral Science is under-represented in current research
Most papers refer to Design Science research
Research of ICT in combination with Green Logistics still in its infancy
Further research, especially Behavioral Science, is needed
©2013 | Volker Frehe 19 ITEE 2013
Agenda
Motivation / Introduction
1
Research Method
2
Results
3
Implications
4
Further Research
5
©2013 | Volker Frehe 20 ITEE 2013
Current Research / Future Work
Research Agenda (Work in Progress)
Simulation
Quantitative Analysis (e.g. Survey)
Prototyping
Field Study
Develo
pm
en
t of w
idely
accep
ted
Syste
ms a
nd
Co
mm
un
icatio
n
4. Continuous
Improvement
- Implementation &
regular (periodic)
Improvement
3. Validation
& Evaluation
- Validation of
Systems & Concepts
2. Construction:
- Construction of
Systems & Concepts
for Measurement
and Decision Making
1. Problem
Definition:
- Identification
of Open
Questions &
Research Gaps
- Determine the
Status Quo
KP
I su
pp
orte
d D
ecis
ion
Su
pp
ort
Tech
no
log
ies in
Gre
en
Lo
gis
tics
Re
se
arc
h M
eth
od
Literature Analysis
Case Study
Quantitative Analysis (e.g. Expert Interview)
©2013 | Volker Frehe 21 ITEE 2013
Limitations
Literature review based on keyword search in 63 top journals
Potentially important publications (in other journals) slipped our
search
Relevant publications do not cover keywords in their title or
abstract
GL and Green SCM cover different synonyms not certain that
list of keywords is complete
Analysis was conducted by 2 scientists
We cannot completely omit the possibility of false categorization
©2013 | Volker Frehe 22 ITEE 2013
Thank you for your attention.
The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers as well as the other project members, specifically Ms. Marita Imhorst, who
provided valuable insights, help and substantive feedback during the research process.
This work is part of the project IT-for-Green (Next Generation CEMIS for Environmental, Energy and Resource Management). The
IT-for-Green project is funded by the European regional development fund (grant number W/A III 80119242).
©2013 | Volker Frehe 23 ITEE 2013
Contact
Dipl.-Wirt.-Inf. Volker Frehe
Universität Osnabrück
Fachgebiet Unternehmensrechnung und Wirtschaftsinformatik
Katharinenstr. 1
49069 Osnabrück
Tel.: +49 (0)541 969 4524
E-Mail: volker.frehe@uni-osnabrueck.de
©2013 | Volker Frehe 24 ITEE 2013
Literature (1/2)
Baumgarten H, Butz C, Fritsch A, Sommer-Dittrich T (2003) Supply chain management and reverse logistics-integration of reverse logistics processes into supply chain management approaches. IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, 2003. IEEE, pp 79–83
Christopher M (1998) Logistics & Supply Chain Management, 2nd ed. Financial Times, London
Cooper, H, Hedges, LV (1994) Research Synthesis As a Scientific Enterprise. The Handbook of Research Synthesis. New York, NJ, USA 1994, S. 3-14.
Dangelico RM, Pujari D (2010) Mainstreaming Green Product Innovation: Why and How Companies Integrate Environmental Sustainability. Journal of Business Ethics 95:471–486.
Dey A, LaGuardia P, Srinivasan M (2011) Building sustainability in logistics operations: a research agenda. Management Research Review 34:1237–1259. doi: 10.1108/01409171111178774
Fettke P (2006) State-of-the-Art des State-of-the-Art Eine Untersuchung der Forschungsmethode “Review” innerhalb der Wirtschaftsinformatik. Wirtschaftsinformatik 48:257–266.
ISO (2012) ISO 14000 - Environmental management - ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/iso14000. Accessed 4 Aug 2012
Janic M (2006) Sustainable Transport in the European Union: A Review of the Past Research and Future Ideas. Transport Reviews 26:81–104. doi: 10.1080/01441640500178908
Kyoto Protocol (2012) Kyoto Protocol. http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php. Accessed 4 Aug 2012
Min H, Kim I (2012) Green supply chain research: past, present, and future. Logistics Research 4:39–47. doi: 10.1007/s12159-012-0071-3
©2013 | Volker Frehe 25 ITEE 2013
Literature (2/2)
Perego A, Perotti S, Mangiaracina R (2011) ICT for logistics and freight transportation: a literature review and research agenda. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 41:457–483.
Sarkis J, Zhu Q, Lai K (2011) An organizational theoretic review of green supply chain management literature. International Journal of Production Economics 130:1–15. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.11.010
Schipper L (2002) Sustainable Urban Transport in the 21st Century: A New Agenda. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1792:12–19.
Srivastava SK (2007) Green supply-chain management: A state-of-the-art literature review. International Journal of Management Reviews 9:53–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2370.2007.00202.x
Thoroe L, Melski A, Schumann M (2009) RFID in Reverse Logistics Research Framework and Roadmap. Wirtschaftsinformatik Proceedings 2009. pp 781–790
Vom Brocke J, Simons A, Niehaves B, et al. (2009) Reconstructing the Giant: On the Importance of Rigour in Documenting. 17th European Conference on Information Systems. pp 1–13
Webster J, Watson RT (2002) Analyzing the Past to Prepare for the Future: Writing a Literature Review. MIS Quarterly 26:xiii–xxiii.
White K, MacDonnell R, Ellard JH (2012) Belief in a Just World: Consumer Intentions and Behaviors Toward Ethical Products. Journal of Marketing 76:103–118.
Wilde T, Hess T, Kfm D (2007) Forschungsmethoden der Wirtschaftsinformatik Eine empirische Untersuchung. Wirtschaftsinformatik 49:280–287.