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Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied Sciences
Stand: V1.0 – 25.09.2006
Simulation of WindSimulation of Wind--Power Power Plants Plants combiningcombining ATP/ATP/ATPDesignerATPDesigner andand
SimplorerSimplorer
Power Engineering SaarPower Engineering SaarInstitut for Power Engineering, Power Electronics and Electrical Drive Engineering
Homepage ATPDesignerATPDesigner: http://people.freenet.de/atpdesigner
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael Igel
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Winternheimer
Saarbrücken, Germany
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesWindWind--Power Power PlantsPlants in Germany 1990in Germany 1990--20042004
Installed Active
Installed ActivePower in kW
Power in kW
WindWind--Power Power PlantsPlants
2003 in Germany: 2003 in Germany: ≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈ 110 GW110 GW
17 GW 17 GW ≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈ 15%15%
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesBackground of Background of thethe Project Project ZERENZEREN
ZEREN : ZEREN : System System Perturbations caused by Perturbations caused by WindWind--Power Power PlantsPlants
�� Situation in GermanySituation in Germany– Number of wind-power plants is permanently increasing
�System perturbations are also increasing
�� Situation in SaarlandSituation in Saarland– Active power ≈≈≈≈ 850MW850MW, incl. wind-power plants
– Installed wind-power plants ≈≈≈≈ 50MW50MW
– Availability of wind-power plants ≈≈≈≈ 1000h / year ≈≈≈≈ 11% / 11% / yearyear
�Minor amount of wind-power generation compared with the amount of the active power consumption
� Wind-power plants infeed the electrical energy in the 20kV medium voltage networks
� Voltage regulation is not available in the 20kV MV networks
�Core problem: Voltage Stability Voltage Stability in 20kV ... 0.4kV in 20kV ... 0.4kV networksnetworks
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied Sciences
Objectives Objectives to to SimulateSimulate� 20kV MV network (≈≈≈≈50 lines, ≈≈≈≈30 transformers) in the northern Saarland
– Wind farm infeeds up to 10MW
– Extremly fluctuating power consumption of industrial customers
� Power converter and its control characteristic
What What CAECAE--Tools Are Tools Are Required Required ??� „Easy to Use“ simulation software for
– Electrical power networks (stationary and transient phenomena)
– Power converters and their control characteristic
TheThe SolutionSolution
�� ATPATP Simulation of the electrical power network
�� SimplorerSimplorer®® Power electronic and control characteristicGraphical user interface (GUI)
�� ATPDesignerATPDesigner Graphical user interface to ATP
Glue between Glue between ATP and ATP and SimplorerSimplorer
ProjectProject ZERENZEREN
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesSimplorerSimplorer
� Modeling and simulating power electronic circuits as well as the required control characteristics
� Components are available in libraries
� New models can be implemented using a C/C++ interface
� Calculated currents and voltages can be presented in diagrams
� Calculation of the frequency spectrum based on the FFT
� User friendly and easy to learn
� Interactive design and analysis of the power converters
� Suitable to realize projects withstudents of electrical engineering
� Startup phase for students ≈≈≈≈ 1 week
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesModel of Model of thethe Power Power ConverterConverter
� 3-phase voltage source inverter fed by a constant DC voltage
� Devices to meter voltages and currents
� Short-circuit impedance Zk = R + jωωωωL of the power transformer
Phase Currents including higher
frequencies
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesControl CharacteristicControl Characteristic
Phase Phase CurrentCurrent
� Fundamental frequency fnom
� Additional frequencies depending on the controlcharacteristic of the power converter
Phase Current iA(t)
Control Signal
Control CharacteristicControl Characteristic
� Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
� Easy to realise using the GUI of Simplorer
� Control Characteristics can be studied without changing the electronic circuit
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesInterface Interface SimplorerSimplorer -- ATPDesignerATPDesigner
�� SimplorerSimplorer®® Simulation of Power Converter and Control Characateristic
Calculation of the frequency spectrum of the phase currents by FFT (Exported into a text file)
�� ATPDesignerATPDesigner Import of the frequency spectrum analysing the text file
and creating a Multi Multi Frequency SourceFrequency Source (MFS)
�� ATPATP One 3-phase current source for each frequencyAddition of the current sources using one common node
���� Reconstructing the phase currents by InversReconstructing the phase currents by Invers FFTFFT
ATPSimplorer®
MultiFrequencySource
FFTFFT InversInvers FFTFFT
����
ATPDesigner
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesMulti Multi Frequency SourceFrequency Source
� User friendly settings interface
� „One Click“ import of the Simplorer FFT data
� Can be easily modified by hand
� Stored in the ATPDesigner .NET-file
Shape
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesAnd And thethe Advantages ?Advantages ?
Using the Strenghts Using the Strenghts of of the Combinationthe Combination
� Specific strengths are added
� Projects can be splitted in Power Network and Power Converter
�� MultiMulti Frequency SourceFrequency Source == Glue between the toolsGlue between the tools
ATPSimplorer®
MultiFrequencySource
FFTFFT InversInvers FFTFFT
Power Power ConverterConverter
Control CharacteristicControl Characteristic
Design CenterDesign Center
Network Network SimulationSimulation
ATPDesigner
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied Sciences20kV20kV--Network with Network with WindWind--Power PlantPower Plant
First Time to First Time to Use theUse the Tools:Tools: Project of Power Engineering Students
� „Virtual“ wind-power plant with an active power 0..10MW
�� Steady Steady State AnalysisState AnalysisCalculation of phase-to-ground voltages in the 20kV- and 0.4kV network
�� Voltage stability dependingVoltage stability depending on on the activethe active powerpower
Prb 2
Prb 4
Wind-Power Plant
CTRL+F:Settings
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesCurrent Infeeded by Current Infeeded by WindWind--Power PlantPower Plant
� Fundamental frequency fnom = 50Hz: |I ABC| according the active power infeed of the wind-power plant
� Additional frequency components depending on the control characteristic of the power converter
�� „Transfer“ of „Transfer“ of SimplorerSimplorer capabilities into capabilities into ATP ATP via ATPDesignervia ATPDesigner
Open the Diagram
Diagram ToolbarGraphic Cursor, Frequency Spectrum
Analyzing Window
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesPhase Phase Currents Currents at at Prb Prb 22
Frequency Spectrum of
the Phase Current
≈≈≈≈ 1800Hz
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesPhasePhase--toto--Ground VoltagesGround Voltages at at Prb Prb 44
Prb 2
Prb 4
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesSpectrumSpectrum ofof thethe PhasePhase--toto--Ground VoltagesGround Voltages
Frequency of the Power Converter
≈≈≈≈ 1800Hz
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesDisconnectDisconnect thethe WindWind--Power Plant ...Power Plant ...
� Simulation of the transients: Wind-power plant disconnected from
the network (using circuit breaker Cb1Cb1)
� Transient system perturbations can be studied
Phase-to-Ground Voltages
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesATP ATP ATPDesigner ATPDesigner �������� SimplorerSimplorer
MFST1: 110/20kV
T2: 20/0,6kV
T3: 20/0,4kV
N1: 110kV,4000MVA
T4: 0,4/20kV
Cb1 / M1SS2
SS4
SS3
SS1
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
Rzul
RAbl
Leitung 1
Leitung 2
Leitung 3
Leitung 4
Leitung 5Leitung 6
Ltg. 8
Ltg. 7
Prb 1Prb 2
Prb 3
Prb 4Prb 5
Windpark
Simulation of Power Networks
Simulation of Power
Converter
ATPDesignerSimplorer
MultiFrequencySource
����
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesAnd And the Current Activitiesthe Current Activities ......
Simulation of System Simulation of System
PerturbationsPerturbations in in thethe
20kV MV 20kV MV NetworkNetwork
� 110kV network infeed
� Wind farm
� 50 Lines
� 30 energy consumers
� 35 transformers
� 40 probes
� ...
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied SciencesConclusionsConclusions
� Simulation of the system perturbations of wind-power plants requires
– Simulation of power converters and their control characteristic
– Simulation of electrical power networks and their transients
� Simplorer Power Converters and control characteristic
� ATPDesigner Interface to Simplorer using Multi Frequency Source
� ATP Power networks (stationary and transient)
�� SimplorerSimplorer ,, ATPDesignerATPDesigner , ATP, ATP
– Specific strengths of the tools can be easily combined using the Multi Frequency Source
– Powerful tool compilation to study system perturbations, alsostationary as well transient phenomena
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied Sciences
Thank You for Your Attention.
Simulation of Windpower Simulation of Windpower PlantsPlants CombiningCombining ATP /ATP / ATPDesignerATPDesigner and and SimplorerSimplorer
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Hochschule fürTechnik und Wirtschaft
des Saarlandes
University of Applied Sciences
Power Engineering SaarPower Engineering Saar Institut for Power Engineering, Power Electronics and Electrical Drive Engineering
Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft des Saarlandes
University of Applied Science
Saarbrücken, Germany
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael Igel� michael.igel@htw-saarland.de
� www.htw-saarland.de/members/michael.igel
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Winternheimer� s.winterheimer@htw-saarland.de
ATPDesigner� http://people.freenet.de/atpdesigner